ORA-00001 unique constraint (%s.%s) violated

Cause: An UPDATE or INSERT statement attempted to insert a duplicate key. For Trusted Oracle configured in DBMS MAC mode, you may see this message if a duplicate entry exists at a different level. Action: Either remove the unique restriction or do not insert the key.

latch: cache buffers chains – Oracle wait event

The Buffer cache is implemented as a chain of blocks linked together under a hash value known as cache buffer chains (CBC). When a buffer is requested the hash value of the chain where the buffer is, will be calculated and then that chain is scanned by walking the chain until the buffer is found.…

Oracle Locking Mechanism – Latches & Enqueues

This article is part of Oracle Performance Tuning Series and is created to describe Oracle’s locking mechanism. A lock is a resource that you need to hold to get access to the resource. Oracle has two kind of locks: enqueues and latches, we would now focus on these locking mechanism individually. Enqueues Enqueues are sophisticated…

enq: TX – index contention – Oracle wait event

If you performed lot of DMLs (specially Deletes) on a table, you may have lots of empty leaf blocks in the associated indexes on that table. These empty leaf blocks are left in the b-tree structure AND attached to the freelist. On subsequent inserts, the process might need to split a block so it takes…

enq: TM – contention – Oracle wait event

Oracle acquires a table lock on a child table if it’s performing modifications on the primary key column in the parent table that’s referenced by the foreign key of the child table. And these locks on the child table are full table locks (TM) i.e. these locks aren’t restricted to any row but to the…